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● ARIZONA
PHOENIX
Fred Arnold, DC, NMD

Kent L. Pomeroy, M.D.


SCOTTSDALE
Michael Cronin, N.D.
David Tallman, DC, NMD.


TEMPE
Robb D. Bird, NMD


TUCSON
Jorge B. Cochran, ND.NMD

● ARKANSAS
Merl B. Cox, D.O.

BRITISH COLUMBIA
Christoph Kind, N.D.

CALIFORNIA
ANAHEIM AREA
Hanson Wong, M.D.
Howard Rosen, M.D.

AUBURN
Rodney Van Pelt, M.D.

BAKERSFIELD
Payam Kerendian, D.O.


BEVERLY HILLS
Behzad Emad, M.D.
Payam Kerendian, D.O.


CLOVIS
Kevin Wingert, M.D.

GARDEN GROVE
Howard Rosen, M.D.

GLENDALE
G. Megan Shields, M.D

IRVINE
Allan Sosin, M.D.

Los Angeles
Donna Alderman, D.O.
Marc Darrow, M.D
Hanson Wong, M.D.


Los GATOS
Joshua M, Donaldson, N.D.

Marin County
Paul Handleman, D.O.
John Monagle, NMD


Monterey
Howard Rosen, M.D.


SAN DIEGO
Andrew Kulik, D.O.

Gary Matson, D.O.

SAN FRANCISCO EAST BAY
Donna Alderman, D.O.

SAN FRANCISCO NORTH BAY
Paul Handleman, D.O.
John Monagle, NMD


San Ramon

Richard I. Gracer, M.D.


SANTA BARBARA
Allen Thomashefsky, M.D.


SANTA CRUZ
Joshua M, Donaldson, N.D.

SANTa monica

Peter Fields, M.D.,D.C.

SANTa
ROSA
Justin Hoffman, NMD

Temecula
Edward A. Venn-Watson, M.D.

UKIAH AREA
Rodney Van Pelt, M.D.

● COLORADO
BOULDER
Gary Clark, M.D.


BROOMFIELD

Christopher J. Centeno, M.D.
John R. Schultz, M.D.


COLORADO SPRINGS
Mary Harrow, D.O,

DENVER
Joel A. Berenbeim, D.O.
Thomas Ravin, M.D.

FORT COLLINS
Mark Kelley, N.D. LAc

LITTLETON
Jo Ann Douglas, M.S.,D.O

PARKER
John A. Littleford, D.O.

STEAMBOAT SPRINGS
Jon Freckleton, D.O.

● CONNECTICUT
AVON
Valley Sports Physicians & Orthopedic Medicine
Paul Tortland, D.O.
Albert Kozar

WEST REDDING

Perry M. Perretz, D.O.

● DELAWARE
SOUTHERN NJ
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
SOUTHERN PA
Brian J. Shiple, D.O.

● FLORIDA
ORLANDO AREA
Nelson Kraucak, M.D.


ORMAND BEACH
Hana Chaim, DO

Clearwater
Felix Linetsky, M.D.

PLANTATION
Alvin Stein,M.D.

SARASOTA/TAMPA BAY
Mark Walter, M.D.
Wellington Chen, M.D.
Matthew Burks, M.D.

TAMPA BAY AREA
Felix Linetsky, M.D.
Robinson Family Clinic

● GEORGIA
WARNER ROBINS
E. Glynn Taunton, D.O.

MARIETTA
Robert C. Shuman, M.D.


● HAWAII
HAIKU
Kevin Davison, N.D.

HILO

Liza Maniquis-Smigel, MD

Honolulu, Hawaii
Liza Maniquis-Smigel, MD

● ILLINOIS
CHICAGOLAND

Ross Hauser, M.D

PEORIA
Yibing Li, M.D.
Jay Harms, M.D.

WESTERN ILLINOIS
Anwer Rasheed, M.D.

● INDIANA
CLARKSVILLE
Steven M. Johnson, D.O.

LAFAYETTE

Carolyn G. Kochert, M.D.

Mishawaka
Mark S. Cantieri, D.O.,

● IOWA
CLINTON
Anwer Rasheed, M.D.
IOWA CITY
John Macatee, DO.
WEST DES MOINES
Jacqueline M Stoken, D.O

● KANSAS
KANSAS CITY AREA

K. Dean Reeves, M.D.

TOPEKA
Doug Frye, M.D.

● KENTUCKY
LOUISVILLE
Steven M. Johnson, D.O.

● LOUISIANA
NEW ORLEANS AREA
Thomas K. Bond, M.D.

● MARYLAND
Rockville
Ingrid Gheen, M.D.

● MASSACHUSETTS
MALDEN
Albert V. Franchi, M.D.
WORCESTER

Jon Trister, M.D.

● MICHIGAN
Howell

Jerald Gach, DO
SHELBY TWP
Robert Krasnick, M.D.
Southfield

Jerald Gach, DO
WARREN

Robert Krasnick, M.D.

● MINNESOTA
EXCELSIOR/Menahga
Mark T. Wheaton, M.D.


MINNETONKA
George H. Kramer, M.D.


● MISSOURI
KANSAS CITY
Edward McDonagh, D.O

ST. Peters
Michael J. Adams


● MONTANA
HAMILTON
Mark Kelley, N.D. LAc

● NEVADA
CARSON CITY

Alfred N. Grimes, M.D.


RENO
Andrew C. Wesely, M.D.

● NEW JERSEY
BLAIRSTOWN
Walter R. Grote, D.O

CENTRAL NJ
Edward Magaziner, M.D.

WAYNE/NORTH NJ
Robert Kramberg, M.D.

SOUTH NJ/
PHILADELPHIA
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
(Cherry Hill)

Joseph P. Mullane, M.D.
(Hamilton)


Brian J. Shiple, D.O.
(Springfield PA)

● NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque

R. Dean Bair, D.O.

James E. Baum, D.O.
SANTA FE
James E. Baum, D.O.

Jonas R. Skardis, DOM

● NEW YORK
B
ALDWIN
Pandu Tadoori, M.D.

BUFFALO AREA
Timothy L. Speciale, D.O.
BROOKLYN
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
David Zirkitev, P.A.
EAST MEADOW

Christopher Calapai, D.O.

FLUSHING
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
HICKSVILLE
David Borenstein, M.D.

MANHATTAN
Richard Ash, M.D.
David Borenstein, M.D.
John H. Juhl, D.O.
Robert Kramberg, M.D.
NEW YORK METRO AREA
Perry M. Perretz, D.O.
Edward Magaziner, M.D.
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
ORANGE
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
ROCKLAND
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
WESTMINSTER
Neil Raff, MD, CNS

● NORTH CAROLINA
ASHEVILLE AREA

Stephen Blievernicht, M.D.
CARY

Catherine Duncan, D.O.

Huntersville
Dr. Mark Hines

● OHIO
AKRON/CANTON
Vladimir Djuric, M.D.
BLUFFTON

L. Terry Chappell, M.D.
CENTERVILLE
Rick Buenaventura, M.D.
CINCINNATI
Michael J. Bertram, MD

TOLEDO AREA

Jay W. Nielsen, M.D.

● OKLAHOMA
BROKEN ARROW
Shirley J. Welden, M.D.

● OREGON
ASHLAND
Allen Thomashefsky,M.D.
EUGENE
Thomas Peterson, M.D.
HILLSBORO
Kevin C. Wilson, N.D.

LAKE OSWEGO

Noel S. Peterson, N.D.

MEDFORD
Carl Osborn, D.O.
OREGON CITY
Joanne Gordon, ND,MS,PT

PORTLAND

Rick Marinelli, N.D.

Chiaoli Lu, ND. LAc. DAOM.
Patrick Chapman, N.D.
Joshua David, N.D.
REDMOND
E. Payson Flattery, D.C.,N.D.
SALEM
Donald McBride, Jr, ND


● PENNSYLVANIA
BALA CYNWYD
Harvey Kleinberg, D.O.
BETHLEHEM
James F. Frommer, M.D.
ELKINS PARK
Kab S. Hong, M.D.
JEANNETTE
Martin P. Gallagher, M.D., D.C.
MEADVILLE
Paul Peirsel, M.D.
PITTSBURG

Paul S. Lieber, MD
SOUTHERN NJ - PA
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
Allan Magaziner, D.O
Edward Magaziner, M.D.
SPRINGFIELD
Brian J. Shiple, D.O.
WOMELSDORF
Peter J Blakemore, D.O,

● SOUTH CAROLINA
GREENVILLE/SPARTANSBURG 
Robert Schwartz, M.D.
CHARLESTON
Marc N. Dubick, M.D.
MOUNT PLEASANT
Patrick Lovegrove, D.O.

● TENNESSEE
BRENTWOOD
Mark L. Johnson, M.D.
CLARKSVILLE
Rafael Prieto, M.D.
JACKSON
Marcus E. Meekins, M.D.
MEMPHIS
Marcus E. Meekins, M.D.
NASHVILLE
Mark L. Johnson, M.D.

● TEXAS
AUSTIN
Mihnea Dumitrescu, M.D.

David K. Harris, M.D.
Brad Fullerton, M.D.
DALLAS
Michael Ellman, M.D.

DENTON
Carlos J. Garcia, M.D.
FORT WORTH
Gerald Harris, DO
Dennis E. Minotti II, D.O
David E. Teitelbaum, D.O.
HOUSTON
Robert Battle, M.D.
Adam Weglein, D.O
HOUSTON AREA

Joseph G. Valdez, M.D

John P. Trowbridge
MESQUITE
Michael Ellman, M.D.
PARIS
Gregg Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.
PLANO
Michael Ellman, M.D.
RICHARDSON
Gregg Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.

SAN ANTONIO
Annette M. Zaharoff, M.D.
SHERMAN
Gregg Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.
SUNNYVALE
Gregg Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.

TOMBALL
Shaun Lehmann, M.D.
Curtis Fandrich, D.O.


● UTAH
PARK CITY
Harry Adelson, N.D.
Kenneth Hurwitz, M.D.
SALT LAKE CITY
Harry Adelson, N.D.
E. Alan Jeppsen
SPANISH FORK
David Taylor Roberts, M.D

● VERMONT
WINOOSKI
Jonathan E. Fenton, D.O

● VIRGINIA
ALEXANDRIA
Robert H. Wagner, M.D.
BLUEFIELD
Lenny Horwitz, DPM
FAIRFAX
Mayo Friedlis, M.D.
McLEAN
David Wang, D.O.

VIRGINIA BEACH
Lisa Barr, M.D.

● WASHINGTON
ISSAQUAH
Jena Schliiter., M.D.

SEATTLE AREA
Richard A. Sandler, M.D.
JoAnna Forwell, N.D.

Adam R. Geiger, N.D.


● WEST VIRGINIA
MORGANTOWN

Nori Onishi, D.O.


● WISCONSIN
EAU CLAIRE
Deborah Raehl, DO

WAUWATOSA
Neal Pollack, D.O.

MILWAUKEE
William J. Faber, D.O.
 

WHAT IS PROLOTHERAPY?
ALVIN STEIN, M.D.

Prolotherapy is also known as non-surgical ligament reconstruction, and is a permanent treatment for chronic pain. Prolotherapy is derived from the Latin word "proli" which means to regenerate or rebuild.
 

It is important to understand what the word Prolotherapy itself means. "Prolo" is short for proliferation, because the treatment causes the proliferation (growth, formation) of new ligament tissue in areas where it has become weak.

Ligaments are the structural "rubber bands" that hold bones to bones in joints - acting like the body's shock absorbers. Ligaments can become weak or injured and may not heal back to their original strength or endurance. Ligaments also will not tighten on their own to their original length once injured. This is largely because the blood supply to ligaments is limited, and therefore healing is slow and not always complete. To further complicate this, ligaments also have many nerve endings and therefore the person will feel pain at the areas where the ligaments are damaged or loose.
 

Prolotherapy uses a sugar-based solution that is injected into the ligament or tendon where it attaches to the bone. This causes a localized Inflammation in these weak areas, which then increases the blood supply and flow of nutrients and stimulates the tissue to repair itself, strengthening and tightening and thereby stabilizing the area.

The response to treatment varies from individual to individual, and depends upon one's healing ability. Some people may only need a few treatments while others may need 30 or more. The best thing to do is get an evaluation by a trained physician in your area. Once you begin treatment, your doctor can tell better how you are responding and give you an accurate estimate.
 

List of Conditions that can be treated using Prolotherapy

Chronic Pain resulting from injuries to the ligaments and tendons of the appendicular skeleton has been well recognized. However, soft-tissue injuries to the ligaments, tendons and fascia of the lower back have been largely ignored as a potential source of chronic back pain.

Prolotherapy, is a collagen-strengthening injection technique that targets the soft tissues of the lower back.

The treatment is excellent for many different types of musculoskeletal pain, including:

arthritis
Back pain
Neck pain
fibromyalgia
Sports injuries
Unresolved whiplash
Carpal Tunnel syndrome
Torn Tendons, Ligaments and
cartilage
Degenerated or
herniated discs
TMJ
sciatica
Barre-Lieou syndrome
Cluster
headaches

Deep Aching
degenerative disc disease
Disc Herniation
Heel Spurs
Knee Injuries
Migraine Headaches
Multiple Sclerosis
Muscular Dystrophy
Osteoporosis
Polio
Rotator Cuff Tears
Tennis Elbow

How was Prolotherapy Developed?

Historical review shows that a version of this technique was first used by Hippocrates on soldiers with dislocated, torn shoulder joints. He would stick a hot poker into the front of the joint, and it would then miraculously heal normally. Of course, we don't use hot pokers today, but the principle is essentially the same - get the body to repair itself, an innate ability that the body has.

The injection of sclerosing agents first began in the 1830's, when potent chemical irritants were used to treat hernias non-surgically. Prolotherapy in its most current form has been used for over 40 years and is currently used at 5 University centers.
 

How it Works

Prolotherapy uses sugar based solutions, which are injected into the ligament or tendon where it attaches to the bone. This causes a localized inflammation in these weak areas, which then increases the blood supply and flow of nutrients and stimulates the tissue to repair itself.
 

The area where the ligament attaches to the bone or other structures is injected with a proliferant. Normally 15% dextrose (sugar) mixed with Lidocaine, a local anesthetic. The proliferant solution causes a local reaction or inflammation. The body reacts by laying down collagen that in turn becomes new ligament or tendon tissue. We apply local anesthetics to numb the area to reduce the discomfort of the procedure. The patient may be a little sore for a day or so, but this usually goes away. The injection process is repeated every 2-3 weeks. Patients should not expect results for about 6 weeks. After that the patient will notice the pain level diminishing. The good thing about prolotherapy is that the results are more of a permanent nature. You may need a "booster" injection every year or so after the initial series. If prolotherapy is administered correctly by a trained medical practitioner and the patient is chosen well, there is a 75% chance for the chronic pain sufferer to becoming pain free and for most people to have significantly less pain.
 

© Alvin Stein, M.D.
The opinions expressed here does not necessarily reflect the views of the other member physicians of getprolo.com. 

Prolotherapy
Information and Research
Prolotherapy
Prolotherapy
How Does Prolotherapy Work?
Why Does Prolotherapy Work?
How Prolotherapy Helps?
Indications - Contraindications
Introduction to Prolotherapy
Why Get Prolotherapy?
What is Prolotherapy?
How Does Prolotherapy Work?
Are You A Prolo Candidate?

Ligament Reconstruction
How Safe Is Prolotherapy?
Finding a Prolotherapy doctor
When Prolo May Not Work
20 Questions - Prolotherapy
The History of Prolotherapy
Curing Chronic Pain
Sclerotherapy?
Turning to Prolotherapy
Prolotherapy and Chronic Pain
Proof Prolotherapy is Working
Creating Collagen
How To Support Treatment

· Platelet Rich Plasma PRP

Prolotherapy and Inflammation

Prolotherapy In The News
 


Prolotherapy
Videos Online

Prolotherapy to the knee
Back and Spine treatments
Shoulder treatments

· Prolotherapy Information sites

The Journal of Prolotherapy


Prolotherapy Research at
The Journal of Prolotherapy




 

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Getprolo.com cannot guarantee the accuracy of any resources or information from or about the physicians listed on this website.

The opinions and statements in this website DO NOT necessarily reflect the opinions of the physician members of the getprolo.com referral network and are those of the article author only.

A medical testimonial is intended to represent that everyone will obtain the same favorable results from a given therapy. Getprolo.com disclaims any such intention. 

Prolotherapy is a medical technique. As with any medical technique, results will vary among individuals. Prolotherapy injections may not work for you and as with all medical procedures there are risks involved. These risks should be discussed with a qualified health care professional prior to any treatment.

This Prolotherapy information is offered for educational purposes only. Do not act or rely upon the information on this website without seeking independent professional medical advice. 

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