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Prolotherapy Doctor
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● ARIZONA
PHOENIX
Fred Arnold, DC, NMD
Kent L.
Pomeroy, M.D.
SCOTTSDALE
Michael Cronin, N.D.
David Tallman, DC, NMD.
TEMPE
Robb D.
Bird, NMD
TUCSON
Jorge B. Cochran, ND.NMD
● ARKANSAS
Merl
B. Cox, D.O.
●
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Christoph Kind, N.D.
●
CALIFORNIA
ANAHEIM
AREA
Hanson
Wong, M.D.
Howard Rosen,
M.D.
AUBURN
Rodney Van Pelt, M.D.
BAKERSFIELD
Payam Kerendian, D.O.
BEVERLY HILLS
Behzad Emad, M.D.
Payam Kerendian, D.O.
CLOVIS
Kevin Wingert, M.D.
GARDEN GROVE
Howard Rosen,
M.D.
GLENDALE
G. Megan Shields, M.D
IRVINE
Allan
Sosin, M.D.
Los Angeles
Donna Alderman,
D.O.
Marc Darrow, M.D
Hanson
Wong, M.D.
Los
GATOS
Joshua M, Donaldson, N.D.
Marin County
Paul
Handleman, D.O.
John Monagle, NMD
Monterey
Howard Rosen,
M.D.
SAN
DIEGO
Andrew
Kulik, D.O.
Gary Matson, D.O.
SAN FRANCISCO EAST BAY
Donna Alderman,
D.O.
SAN FRANCISCO NORTH BAY
Paul
Handleman, D.O.
John Monagle, NMD
San
Ramon
Richard I.
Gracer, M.D.
SANTA
BARBARA
Allen
Thomashefsky, M.D.
SANTA
CRUZ
Joshua M, Donaldson, N.D.
SANTa monica
Peter Fields, M.D.,D.C.
SANTa
ROSA
Justin Hoffman, NMD
Temecula
Edward A.
Venn-Watson, M.D.
UKIAH
AREA
Rodney Van Pelt, M.D.
● COLORADO
BOULDER
Gary Clark, M.D.
BROOMFIELD
Christopher J. Centeno, M.D.
John
R. Schultz, M.D.
COLORADO SPRINGS
Mary Harrow, D.O,
DENVER
Joel A. Berenbeim, D.O.
Thomas Ravin, M.D.
FORT COLLINS
Mark Kelley, N.D. LAc
LITTLETON
Jo
Ann Douglas, M.S.,D.O
PARKER
John
A. Littleford, D.O.
STEAMBOAT SPRINGS
Jon Freckleton, D.O.
● CONNECTICUT
AVON
Valley Sports Physicians & Orthopedic
Medicine
Paul Tortland, D.O.
Albert Kozar
WEST
REDDING
Perry M.
Perretz, D.O.
● DELAWARE
SOUTHERN NJ
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
SOUTHERN PA
Brian J.
Shiple, D.O.
● FLORIDA
ORLANDO AREA
Nelson Kraucak, M.D.
ORMAND BEACH
Hana Chaim, DO
Clearwater
Felix Linetsky, M.D.
PLANTATION
Alvin Stein,M.D.
SARASOTA/TAMPA BAY
Mark Walter, M.D.
Wellington Chen, M.D.
Matthew Burks, M.D.
TAMPA BAY AREA
Felix Linetsky, M.D.
Robinson Family Clinic
● GEORGIA
WARNER ROBINS
E.
Glynn Taunton, D.O.
MARIETTA
Robert C. Shuman, M.D.
● HAWAII
HAIKU
Kevin Davison, N.D.
HILO
Liza Maniquis-Smigel, MD
Honolulu, Hawaii
Liza Maniquis-Smigel, MD
● ILLINOIS
CHICAGOLAND
Ross Hauser, M.D
PEORIA
Yibing
Li, M.D.
Jay Harms,
M.D.
WESTERN ILLINOIS
Anwer Rasheed, M.D.
● INDIANA
CLARKSVILLE
Steven
M. Johnson, D.O.
LAFAYETTE
Carolyn
G. Kochert, M.D.
Mishawaka
Mark S. Cantieri, D.O.,
● IOWA
CLINTON
Anwer Rasheed, M.D.
IOWA CITY
John
Macatee, DO.
WEST DES MOINES
Jacqueline M Stoken, D.O
● KANSAS
KANSAS
CITY AREA
K. Dean Reeves, M.D.
TOPEKA
Doug Frye, M.D.
● KENTUCKY
LOUISVILLE
Steven
M. Johnson, D.O.
● LOUISIANA
NEW ORLEANS AREA
Thomas K. Bond, M.D.
● MARYLAND
Rockville
Ingrid Gheen, M.D.
● MASSACHUSETTS
MALDEN
Albert V. Franchi, M.D.
WORCESTER
Jon Trister, M.D.
● MICHIGAN
Howell
Jerald Gach, DO
SHELBY TWP
Robert Krasnick,
M.D.
Southfield
Jerald Gach, DO
WARREN
Robert Krasnick,
M.D.
● MINNESOTA
EXCELSIOR/Menahga
Mark T. Wheaton, M.D.
MINNETONKA
George H. Kramer, M.D.
● MISSOURI
KANSAS CITY
Edward McDonagh, D.O
ST. Peters
Michael J.
Adams
● MONTANA
HAMILTON
Mark Kelley, N.D. LAc
● NEVADA
CARSON CITY
Alfred N.
Grimes, M.D.
RENO
Andrew C.
Wesely, M.D.
● NEW JERSEY
BLAIRSTOWN
Walter R. Grote, D.O
CENTRAL NJ
Edward Magaziner, M.D.
WAYNE/NORTH NJ
Robert
Kramberg, M.D.
SOUTH NJ/PHILADELPHIA
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
(Cherry Hill)
Joseph P. Mullane, M.D.
(Hamilton)
Brian J.
Shiple, D.O.
(Springfield PA)
●
NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque
R. Dean Bair, D.O.
James
E. Baum,
D.O.
SANTA FE
James
E. Baum,
D.O.
Jonas R. Skardis, DOM
● NEW YORK
BALDWIN
Pandu Tadoori, M.D.
BUFFALO AREA
Timothy L. Speciale, D.O.
BROOKLYN
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
David Zirkitev,
P.A.
EAST MEADOW
Christopher Calapai, D.O.
FLUSHING
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
HICKSVILLE
David Borenstein, M.D.
MANHATTAN
Richard Ash, M.D.
David Borenstein, M.D.
John H. Juhl, D.O.
Robert Kramberg, M.D.
NEW YORK METRO AREA
Perry M. Perretz, D.O.
Edward Magaziner, M.D.
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
ORANGE
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
ROCKLAND
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
WESTMINSTER
Neil Raff, MD, CNS
● NORTH CAROLINA
ASHEVILLE AREA
Stephen
Blievernicht, M.D.
CARY
Catherine Duncan, D.O.
Huntersville
Dr. Mark Hines
● OHIO
AKRON/CANTON
Vladimir Djuric, M.D.
BLUFFTON
L. Terry Chappell, M.D.
CENTERVILLE
Rick
Buenaventura, M.D.
CINCINNATI
Michael J. Bertram, MD
TOLEDO
AREA
Jay W. Nielsen, M.D.
● OKLAHOMA
BROKEN ARROW
Shirley J.
Welden, M.D.
● OREGON
ASHLAND
Allen
Thomashefsky,M.D.
EUGENE
Thomas
Peterson, M.D.
HILLSBORO
Kevin C. Wilson, N.D.
LAKE OSWEGO
Noel S. Peterson, N.D.
MEDFORD
Carl Osborn, D.O.
OREGON CITY
Joanne Gordon, ND,MS,PT
PORTLAND
Rick Marinelli, N.D.
Chiaoli
Lu, ND. LAc. DAOM.
Patrick Chapman, N.D.
Joshua David,
N.D.
REDMOND
E. Payson Flattery, D.C.,N.D.
SALEM
Donald McBride, Jr, ND
● PENNSYLVANIA
BALA CYNWYD
Harvey Kleinberg, D.O.
BETHLEHEM
James F. Frommer, M.D.
ELKINS PARK
Kab S. Hong, M.D.
JEANNETTE
Martin
P. Gallagher, M.D., D.C.
MEADVILLE
Paul Peirsel,
M.D.
PITTSBURG
Paul S. Lieber, MD
SOUTHERN NJ - PA
Scott R. Greenberg, M.D.
Allan Magaziner, D.O
Edward Magaziner, M.D.
SPRINGFIELD
Brian J.
Shiple, D.O.
WOMELSDORF
Peter J Blakemore, D.O,
● SOUTH CAROLINA
GREENVILLE/SPARTANSBURG
Robert Schwartz, M.D.
CHARLESTON
Marc N.
Dubick, M.D.
MOUNT PLEASANT
Patrick
Lovegrove, D.O.
● TENNESSEE
BRENTWOOD
Mark L.
Johnson, M.D.
CLARKSVILLE
Rafael Prieto, M.D.
JACKSON
Marcus
E. Meekins, M.D.
MEMPHIS
Marcus
E. Meekins, M.D.
NASHVILLE
Mark L.
Johnson, M.D.
● TEXAS
AUSTIN
Mihnea Dumitrescu, M.D.
David
K. Harris, M.D.
Brad Fullerton, M.D.
DALLAS
Michael Ellman, M.D.
DENTON
Carlos
J. Garcia, M.D.
FORT
WORTH
Gerald Harris, DO
Dennis E. Minotti II, D.O
David E. Teitelbaum, D.O.
HOUSTON
Robert Battle, M.D.
Adam Weglein,
D.O
HOUSTON AREA
Joseph
G. Valdez, M.D
John P. Trowbridge
MESQUITE
Michael Ellman, M.D.
PARIS
Gregg
Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.
PLANO
Michael Ellman, M.D.
RICHARDSON
Gregg
Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.
SAN ANTONIO
Annette M. Zaharoff,
M.D.
SHERMAN
Gregg
Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.
SUNNYVALE
Gregg
Diamond, M.D.
Norberto Vargas, M.D.
TOMBALL
Shaun Lehmann, M.D.
Curtis Fandrich, D.O.
● UTAH
PARK CITY
Harry Adelson, N.D.
Kenneth Hurwitz, M.D.
SALT LAKE CITY
Harry Adelson, N.D.
E. Alan Jeppsen
SPANISH FORK
David Taylor Roberts, M.D
● VERMONT
WINOOSKI
Jonathan
E. Fenton, D.O
● VIRGINIA
ALEXANDRIA
Robert H. Wagner,
M.D.
BLUEFIELD
Lenny
Horwitz, DPM
FAIRFAX
Mayo
Friedlis, M.D.
McLEAN
David Wang, D.O.
VIRGINIA BEACH
Lisa
Barr, M.D.
● WASHINGTON
ISSAQUAH
Jena
Schliiter., M.D.
SEATTLE
AREA
Richard
A. Sandler, M.D.
JoAnna Forwell, N.D.
Adam R.
Geiger, N.D.
● WEST VIRGINIA
MORGANTOWN
Nori Onishi, D.O.
● WISCONSIN
EAU CLAIRE
Deborah Raehl, DO
WAUWATOSA
Neal Pollack, D.O.
MILWAUKEE
William
J. Faber, D.O.
|
 The
History of Prolotherapy
Ross
Hauser, M.D.
The concept of
Prolotherapy originated in the non-surgical treatment of hernias, varicose
veins, and hemorrhoids, all conditions which are due to
connective tissue
weakness. If the connective tissue in the veins becomes weakened,
hemorrhoids and varicose veins form. Weakness in the
collagen, of course,
causes
Ligament
laxity and
tendon degeneration with resultant chronic pain.
Most of the early innovators in injection treatment method were surgeons who
were looking for methods to improve surgical outcomes or replace surgery
with more conservative methods. The injection of hernias, varicose veins,
and hemorrhoids was called Sclerotherapy, because the injection
"sclerosed," or scarred, the area.
Celsus, a Roman
encyclopedist and not a physician, described the earliest application of
Sclerotherapy in the first century B.C. Saltpeter (Potassium nitrate) was
injected to treat hydrocele (accumulation of fluid around the testicle). The
instrument and method of injection was, however, not described. Seventeen
centuries later, Samuel Sharp, a surgeon at Guy's Hospital, the oldest
teaching hospital of the University of London Medical School, began treating
hydrocele by Sclerotherapy and started training others.
The Research and
Growth of Prolotherapy
In January 1938,
Arthur Steindler and J. V. Luck published a fundamental work related to the
diagnosis of lower
back pain based on procaine injections. They provided
strong evidence that all structures in the lower back, including the
ligaments, fascia, tendons, and muscles, receive sensory nerve impulses.
They pointed out that these structures are all interrelated anatomically and
functionally, and they came up with a list of criteria that had to be met to
prove that an injured structure was causing a pain symptom.
This work was
monumental in the history of
Prolotherapy. Now a method to definitely prove
what was causing the pain existed. A person came to the physician with
low back pain radiating to the legs. The doctor, with a needle, then tried to
exactly reproduce the pain and the radiating pain down the leg. When the
exact site was found, an injection of procaine was given. If the correct
structures were injected, all of the pain would be completely removed. The
latter part of this concept is followed to this day.
Prolotherapy can
completely remove chronic pain immediately, if the correct structures have
been injected, because of the anesthetic part of the solution.
The First
Prolotherapy Treatment
In 1937, Dr. Louis
W. Schultz, both a dentist and a medical doctor, published a paper in The
Journal of the American Medical Association on the treatment of subluxation
of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). In this paper he described how common
TMJ syndrome was, and that the traditional treatments of rest, appliances in
the mouth,
physical
therapy, and surgery were only partially successful. He
described a simple method of shortening and strengthening the TMJ capsule by
injection of Sylnasol, a five percent solution of fatty acid. This was the
first true Prolotherapy treatment. Dr. Schultz collected extensive data from
both animal research and clinical practice , and concluded that the method
he discovered was simple, safe, and essentially 100 percent effective.
The Development
of Prolotherapy as a Cure for Chronic Pain
George S. Hackett,
M.D. is considered one of the pioneers, or founders, of modern day
Prolotherapy because he brought this technique to mainstream medicine. His
research was published in some of the main medical journals of his time and
presented at the prestigious American Medical Association meetings. Some of
the statistics on his research include:
Sample size:
656 patients
Patient age range: 15 to 88 years old
Duration of pain: three months to 65 years
Average duration of symptoms: four and a half years
Duration of study: 19 years
Number of injections given: 18,000
Dr. Hackett did a
remarkable job in that he followed his patients for 12 years after the
prolotherapy treatments were completed. Twelve years after treatment, an
impressive 82 percent of the patients considered themselves cured. Dr.
Hackett believed that the cure rate was actually over 90 percent, due to
improvements in the technique over the years. He used Sylnasol, a fatty
acid, as the proliferant, which is no longer available. Later proponents of
the Hackett technique of Prolotherapy found that a simple
dextrose solution
diluted with local anesthetics was as effective as the Sylnasol, and
solutions such as this are still used today. Dr. Hackett also proved in the
laboratory that Prolotherapy induces the growth of ligament and tendon
tissue and is especially effective at strengthening the weld of these
structures to the bone, by proliferating their
fibro-osseous
junction.
In 1955, at an
American Medical Association meeting, Dr. Gustav Hemwall was astonished to
see so many doctors at one particular exhibit. The presenter was talking
about a very successful treatment for
chronic
low back
pain. Nothing was
worse at the time for Dr. Hemwall than having a chronic
low back pain
patient come to him, because the treatments he was able to offer were not
very successful. The doctor doing the presentation was George S. Hackett,
M.D., and he was discussing the technique of Prolotherapy.
Once the crowd
diminished, Dr. Hemwall asked Dr. Hackett how he could learn the treatment
described in his book, Ligament and Tendon Relaxation Treated by
Prolotherapy. Dr. Hemwall went to Dr. Hackett's office in Canton, Ohio,
to learn the technique. Dr. Hemwall became so proficient at administering
the technique that Dr. Hackett would later refer patients to him.
Prolotherapy owes a
great debt to Dr. Hemwall. Between 1955 until his retirement in 1996, he was
the main instructor and proponent of
Prolotherapy in the United States. He
was not a researcher but a clinician, and perhaps the world's greatest
Prolotherapy doctor. He treated more than 10,000 patients world wide and
collected data on 8,000 of these patients. In 1974, Dr. Hemwall presented
his largest survey of 2,007 Prolotherapy patients to the Prolotherapy
Association. The survey related the following:
1,871 patients
completed treatment
6,000 treatments were administered
1,399 (75.5 percent) patients reported recovery and cure
413 (24.3 percent) reported general improvement
25 (0.2 percent) patients showed no improvements
170 patients were lost to follow up.
More than 99
percent of the patients who completed treatment with Prolotherapy found
relief from their chronic pain. These results are similar to those published
by Dr. Hackett, showing that Prolotherapy is completely curative in many
cases (75 to 90 percent) and provides some pain relief in nearly all
patients treated.
At the age of 87,
in June of 1996, Gustav A. Hemwall M.D. electively retired from the practice
of medicine and turned over the helm of his private practice to Dr. Ross
Hauser. He had been on the medical staff of West Suburban Hospital in Oak
Park, Illinois for 60 years.
The opinions expressed
here does not necessarily reflect the views of the other member physicians of
getprolo.com.
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Prolotherapy
Information and Research
Prolotherapy
●
Prolotherapy
●
How
Does Prolotherapy Work?
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Why
Does Prolotherapy Work?
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How
Prolotherapy Helps?
●
Indications - Contraindications
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Introduction to Prolotherapy
● Why Get Prolotherapy?
● What is Prolotherapy?
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How Does Prolotherapy Work?
● Are You A Prolo Candidate?
● Ligament Reconstruction
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How Safe Is Prolotherapy?
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Finding a Prolotherapy doctor
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When Prolo May Not
Work
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20 Questions - Prolotherapy
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The History of Prolotherapy
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Curing Chronic Pain
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Sclerotherapy?
●
Turning to Prolotherapy
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Prolotherapy and Chronic
Pain
● Proof Prolotherapy is Working
●
Creating Collagen
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How To
Support Treatment
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